Natural mortality, growth parameters, and environmental temperature in fishes revisited
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چکیده
Pauly (1980. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer, 39: 175–192) showed that natural mortality rates in fish could be predicted from body growth parameters and environmental temperature but found no evidence for ecological or taxonomic influences. Using an updated database and techniques that avoid some of the earlier analytical problems, we confirm Pauly’s conclusion that mortality is correlated with growth and temperature. A path model supports the role of ecological effects on mortality. A phylogenetic effect is also apparent: perciform fishes occupy warmer environments than other species, but in the predator-rich reef habitat they suffer much lower mortality rates. Species that are cryptic or hide in burrows or have morphological defences against predators show the lowest mortality rates. Résumé : Pauly (1980. J. Cons. Int. Explor. Mer, 39: 175–192) a montré que les taux de mortalité naturelle chez les poissons pouvaient être prédits à partir des paramètres de croissance corporels et de la température du milieu, mais il n’a trouvé aucun indice de l’influence des caractères écologiques et taxonomiques. À l’aide d’une banque de données renouvelée et de techniques qui permettent d’éviter quelques-uns des problèmes analytiques antérieurs, nous confirmons la conclusion de Pauly qu’il y a une corrélation entre la mortalité, d’une part, et la croissance et la température, d’autre part. Un modèle de trajectoire laisse croire à l’existence d’effets écologiques sur la mortalité. Un effet phylogénétique est aussi apparent: les poissons perciformes vivent dans des milieux plus chauds que les autres espèces; cependant, dans l’habitat de récif qui est riche en prédateurs, ils subissent des taux de mortalité beaucoup moindres. Les espèces qui sont camouflées, qui se cachent dans des gîtes ou qui possèdent des structures morphologiques de défense contre les prédateurs ont les taux de mortalité les plus bas. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Griffiths and Harrod 255
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تاریخ انتشار 2007